18 Gangs

Definition of Gangs: (1) an association of three or more individuals; (2) whose members collectively identify themselves by adopting a group identity which they use to create an atmosphere of fear or intimidation frequently by employing one or more of the following: a common name, slogan, identifying sign, symbol, tattoo or other physical marking, style or color of clothing, hairstyle, hand sign or graffiti; (3) the association’s purpose, in part, is to engage in criminal activity and the association uses violence or intimidation to further its criminal objectives; (4) its members engage in criminal activity, or acts of juvenile delinquency that if committed by an adult would be crimes; (5) with the intent to enhance or preserve the association’s power, reputation, or economic resources; (6) the association may also possess some of the following characteristics: (a) the members employ rules for joining and operating within the association; (b) the members meet on a recurring basis; (c) the association provides physical protection of its members from other criminals and gangs; (d) the association seeks to exercise control over a particular location or region, or it may simply defend its perceived interests against rivals; or (e) the association has an identifiable structure. (7) this definition is not intended to include traditional organized crime groups such as La Cosa Nostra, groups that fall within the Department’s definition of “international organized crime,” drug trafficking organizations or terrorist organizations.

Department of Justice, About Violent Gangs. 2019

The Department of Justice’s state’s in their definition of gangs, “an association of three or more individuals;… whose members collectively identify themselves by adopting a group identity which they use to create an atmosphere of fear or intimidation.” It makes one ponder: What constitutes a gang? Is a gang defined by its leaders or the power that comes from organizational structure? And how and who do we label gangs in our society? The comparing and contrasting throughout the series of diptychs highlights the subjectivity of American social dynamics.

In a country founded by a rebel gang, it is no surprise that such organizations still permeate the ranks of our society. Criminal behavior will always exist in America. As such, it becomes interesting to see who we accept, what is deemed as deviant, and who is cast as a criminal.

All Images are archival pigment print 20″ x 20″ inches